Informationen zur Veranstaltung

Lehrinhalt

This course provides a firm understanding of the theoretical concepts
of astrophysics, together with their assumptions and limitations. Topics covered include:
-- Hydrodynamics: Basics and equations of motion; ideal and viscous fluids and currents; sound waves, supersonic currents and shock waves; instabilities, convection and turbulence
-- Plasma physics: Basics of collision-less plasmas; dielectric tensor; dispersion relation, longitudinal waves and Landau damping; magnetohydrodynamic equations; waves in magnetized plasmas; hydrodynamic waves
-- Radiative processes: Macroscopic radiation measurements; emission, absorption and scattering, radiative transfer; Bremsstrahlung and synchrotron radiation; ionization and recombination; spectra
-- Stellar dynamics: Relaxation; Jeans equations and Jeans theorem; tensor-virial theorem; equilibrium and stability of self-gravitating systems; dynamical friction; Fokker-Planck approximation

Lehrziel

Upon completion of the lecture, students are able to apply this knowledge to a wide range of different areas of modern astrophysics and can solve complex problems in this field. They are familiar with concepts from different areas of theoretical physics relevant for astrophysics and they can apply mathematical techniques for solving questions arising in astrophysical situations.

Lehrinhalt

The lectures will introduce the foundations of modern cosmology. Topics include the basics of General Relativity, the modeling of a homogeneous and isotropic universe, dark matter, the cosmological constant and dark energy, cosmic inflation, and the thermal history of the universe, including cosmological nucleosynthesis and the cosmic microwave background. We will also study cosmic structure formation in both the linear and non-linear regimes. After establishing the theoretical framework, the course will explore the key observational evidence that underpins our current understanding of the universe.
Webpage: https://uebungen.physik.uni-heidelberg.de/vorlesung/20252/2105

Informationen zur Veranstaltung

Lehrinhalt

• Review of basic quantum mechanics
• Dirac equation and relativistic corrections
• Quantization of the electromagnetic field and consequences • Many-electron atoms
• Molecular structure
• Interaction with electromagnetic fields
• Time-dependent processes
• Scattering and collisions
• Quantum statistics and quantum gases
• AMO Physics in Heidelberg (with laboratory visits)

Lehrziel

After completing this course the students will be able to ¿ describe the experimental and theoretical concepts of modern atomic, molecular and optical physics, ¿ analyse standard experimental approaches of modern atomic, molecular and optical physics, ¿ design simple experimental set-ups in modern atomic, molecular and optical physics, ¿ apply the theoretical methods to simple practical examples.

Lehrinhalt

• Foundations of statistics, information, entropy
• Statistical description of physical systems
• Ensembles, density of states
• Irreversibility
• State variables, ideal and real gases, thermodynamic potentials, the fundamental laws of thermodynamics,
• Material constants, equilibrium of phases and chemical equilibrium, law of mass action, ideal solutions
• Fermi- and Bose-statistics, ideal quantum gases
• Phase transitions, critical phenomena (Ising model)
• Transport theory (linear response, transport equations, master equation, Boltzmann equation, diffusion)
• The theory of the solid state as an example for a non-relativistic field theory
• Applications, for example specific heat of solids, thermodynamics of the early universe etc.

Lehrziel

After completing the course the students ¿ have a thorough knowledge and understanding of the laws of thermodynamics and of the description of ensembles in the framework of classical and quantum statistics and there applications to phase transitions, condensed matter, plasma and astrophysics ¿ have acquired the necessary mathematical knowledge and competence for an in-depth understanding of this research field, ¿ have advanced competence in the fields of theoretical physics covered by this course, i.e. the ability to analyze physical phenomena using the acquired concepts and techniques, to formulate models and find solutions to specific problems, and to interpret the solutions physically and communicate them efficiently, ¿ are able to broaden their knowledge and competence in this field of theoretical physics on their own by a systematical study of the literature.

Lehrinhalt

• Quantizing scalar fields
• Canonical quantization and path-integral quantization
• Radiative corrections, renormalization
• Quantizing spin 1 fields
• Dirac equation
• Quantizing spin 1/2 fields
• Interacting fields, S-matrix
• Feynman rules, cross sections
• Quantum Electrodynamics, QED processes at tree level

Lehrziel

After completing the course the students ¿ have a thorough knowledge and understanding of relativistic field equations and the theory of free quantum fields, ¿ will be able to use Feynman rules to calculate on the tree level scattering amplitudes and cross sections for ¿4-theory and for simple reactions in QED, ¿ have acquired the necessary mathematical knowledge and competence for an in-depth understanding of this research field, ¿ have advanced competence in the fields of theoretical physics covered by this course, i.e. the ability to analyze physical phenomena using the acquired concepts and techniques, to formulate models and find solutions to specific problems, and to interpret the solutions physically and communicate them efficiently, ¿ are able to broaden their knowledge and competence in this field of theoretical physics on their own by a systematical study of the literature.

Informationen zur Veranstaltung

Lehrinhalt

Infos auf unserer Website:https://sciai-lab.org/teaching/25w/mlph/